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HABITABILITY ENGINEERING OVERVIEW

The current ISS and Shuttle habitability system capabilities include crew accommodations, packaging and preparation for crew supplies, clothing management systems, waste management systems, galley, wardroom, sleep stations, hygiene stations, housekeeping, human engineering, volume management, and vehicle layout. The current systems depend on the availability of frequent resupply and generous mass and volume allocations. These capabilities were designed for LEO missions with little emphasis placed on the resupply, reliability, mass, volume, and autonomy requirements which will be design drivers for exploration missions. Research is required to reduce the mass and volume of the systems while also addressing increased reliability, autonomy and use in the lunar surface environment.

Development Tasks (Currently Unfunded)

CEV Station Resupply (PDR: 2008)

• Waste Management System - 
• Volume management - vehicle layout, advanced stowage concepts, anthropometric assessments

Lunar Sortie (PDR 2012)

• Packaging and prep for crew – Reduced pressure galley with low mass, power and volume
• Volume management - vehicle layout, advanced stowage concepts, anthropometric assessments
• Standards update for latest human factors knowledge applied to spacecraft
• Crew Accommodations and Housekeeping – lighting, dust abatement, improved hygiene capabilities
• Reduction in potential for human error-induced mission failures. Increased crew efficiency and reduced fatigue
• Crew Station Displays & Controls – improvement in human and vehicle integration, crew productivity, increased safety through effective situational awareness.

Lunar Outpost (PDR 2017)

• Packaging and prep for crew supplies – processing and preparation of foods from fresh and stored ingredients
• Crew Provisions, Accommodations and Housekeeping – wardroom, sleep, hygiene stations; advanced dust control and cleaning; reusable clothing system with wash and dry capability; advanced stowage concepts
• Human Factors Engineering - Crew station displays & controls for greater autonomy and situational awareness; Human Systems Interface Standards; anthropomorphic assessments
• Evaluation of candidate systems for Mars missions
• Demonstration of greater crew and vehicle autonomy, development of standards for autonomous and isolated operations